Definition

Aphasia is when a person loses the ability to communicate in words. Anomia is a problem naming objects. When you have aphasia-associated anomia, it is difficult to name people and things. Aphasia-associated anomia can be treated.

Stroke—Most Common Cause of Aphasia

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Causes

Anomia is caused by injury to the language areas of the brain. Examples of injury to the brain are:

Risk

Aphasia-associated anomia is more common in older people. Other factors that may increase your chance of aphasia-associated anomia include:

Symptoms

Tell your doctor if you have difficulty finding the right word when speaking and writing. For example, instead of using an exact word, you may use ambiguous or roundabout speech, such as:

  • Using general descriptions instead of specifics: “that place where you sleep” for “bedroom”
  • Saying what a thing does, but not what it is: “that thing you drive” for “car”

In most cases, you can understand speech and read.

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. A neurological examination may also be done to check brain function.

Imaging tests are used to evaluate the brain and other structures. These may include:

Other exams may include:

  • Exam of muscles used in speech
  • Tests to assess language skills—for example, identifying objects, defining words, and writing

In some situations, your brain activity may be need to be measured. This can be done with an electroencephalogram (EEG).

You may be referred to a neurologist. This is a doctor who specializes in diseases of the nervous system.

Treatment

Talk with your doctor about the best treatment plan for you. Treatment options include the following:

Speech-language therapy

The speech therapist will help you to:

  • Preserve the language skills you have
  • Try to restore those you have lost
  • Discover new ways of communicating

Therapy may occur one-on-one or in a group. Activities may include:

  • Using flash cards with pictures and words to help you name objects
  • Repeating words back to the therapist
  • Working with computer programs designed to improve speech, hearing, reading, and writing

Family care and counseling

You will learn how to apply the lessons learned in speech therapy to your life. Counseling can help you to adjust to returning home. It can also help your family learn ways to better communicate with you.

Prevention

Since stroke is a common cause of aphasia, follow these guidelines to help prevent stroke:

  • Exercise regularly.
  • Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.
  • Limit salt and fat in your diet.
  • If you smoke, talk to your doctor about how to successfully quit.
  • If you drink, do so in moderation. Moderation is 2 or less drinks per day for men and 1 or less drinks per day for women.
  • Maintain a healthy weight.
  • Control your blood pressure.
  • Ask your doctor if you should take low-dose aspirin.
  • Properly treat and control chronic conditions, like diabetes.

If you have signs of a stroke, call for emergency medical services right away.